Home Price-to-Income Ratio Bubble Is About to Pop – Are You Ready?

We don’t have a real estate bubble; we have a home price-to-wage growth bubble. The chart highlighting the home price-to-income ratios in major U.S. cities reveals just how drastically home prices have outpaced wage growth.

The Home Price-to-Income Ratio Problem

Historically, a 3:1 ratio was considered affordable, meaning a home should cost about three times the median household income. However, many cities have seen that ratio swell to 5:1, 6:1, and in extreme cases like Los Angeles and San Francisco, over 10:1.

This disconnect has created a significant affordability gap, making it harder for average earners to buy homes. For real estate investors, this presents both risks and opportunities.

Three Likely Outcomes for Housing Prices

1. Lower Interest Rates to Boost Affordability

A return to the ultra-low interest rates of recent years could temporarily make homes more affordable by lowering monthly mortgage payments. However, this would likely fuel further home price appreciation, continuing the cycle of unaffordable housing. With the Fed focused on fighting inflation, significant rate cuts are unlikely without risking an inflation spike.

2. Wages Need to Rise Sharply

Incomes would need to double or even triple in some cities to match current home prices. This is highly unlikely in today’s economy. Moreover, such sharp wage growth would bring its own challenges, fueling inflation and driving up the cost of living, which would make affordability even more elusive.

3. Home Prices Will Fall

The most likely outcome is a significant correction in home values as affordability constraints tighten and market forces push prices to align with real wages. This correction or crash could bring home price-to-income ratios back to more sustainable levels, such as 3:1 or 4:1.

Prepare for a Market Shift

Given the economic outlook, where the Fed's ability to lower interest rates is limited by inflation risks, the highest probability scenario is a correction in home values. For investors, this could mean preparing for opportunities to acquire properties at a discount